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A remote I/O (Input/Output) module is a device used in industrial automation
Remote IO module
A remote I/O (Input/Output) module is a device used in industrial automation systems to connect remote sensors and actuators to a central control system. It serves as an interface between the field devices and the control system, enabling data acquisition, control, and monitoring of distributed equipment.
Here are the key features and functions of a remote I/O module:
Input and Output Connectivity: Remote I/O modules typically provide a set of input and output channels to connect to sensors and actuators in the field. The inputs are used to receive signals from sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure transducers, or limit switches. The outputs are used to send signals to actuators, such as motors, valves, or relays.
Communication Interface: Remote I/O modules have built-in communication interfaces that allow them to connect to the central control system. Common communication protocols used include Ethernet, Modbus, Profibus, Profinet, DeviceNet, CANbus, or EtherCAT. These interfaces facilitate data exchange between the remote I/O module and the control system.
Signal Conditioning: Remote I/O modules often provide signal conditioning capabilities. They can amplify, filter, or convert analog signals to digital form, ensuring accurate and reliable measurement or control of the connected sensors and actuators. Signal conditioning helps to compensate for various factors such as noise, voltage levels, or impedance mismatches.
Distributed Deployment: Remote I/O modules are typically located in the field, close to the sensors and actuators they are connected to. This distributed deployment minimizes wiring costs by reducing the amount of cabling needed to connect devices back to the central control system. It also improves scalability and flexibility in system design.
Centralized Control: Despite being located remotely, the I/O modules are controlled and monitored by a central control system. The control system can read input values from sensors, send control signals to actuators, and perform data processing or logic operations based on the acquired data. This centralized control allows for efficient monitoring and management of the entire system.
Modularity and Expandability: Remote I/O systems are often modular, allowing for easy expansion and customization. Additional I/O modules can be added as needed to accommodate more field devices or to meet changing system requirements. The modularity also simplifies maintenance and troubleshooting, as individual modules can be replaced or upgraded without affecting the entire system.
Remote I/O modules are commonly used in various industrial applications, such as manufacturing plants, process control systems, energy management systems, building automation, and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. They provide a reliable and efficient means of connecting and controlling a wide range of field devices, enabling effective automation and monitoring of industrial processes.
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WiFi modules can be used in a wide range of devices
A WiFi wireless module, also known as a WiFi module or WiFi adapter, is a hardware component that enables devices to connect to a wireless network. It provides wireless communication capabilities, allowing devices to access the internet or communicate with other devices over a WiFi network.
WiFi modules come in various form factors, including mini PCIe cards, USB dongles, and integrated modules that are soldered onto circuit boards. They typically consist of a wireless chipset, an antenna, and supporting circuitry. The wireless chipset is responsible for transmitting and receiving WiFi signals, while the antenna ensures proper signal reception and transmission.
WiFi modules can be used in a wide range of devices, including laptops, desktop computers, smartphones, tablets, gaming consoles, smart TVs, IoT devices, and embedded systems. They adhere to the IEEE 802.11 standards, which define the protocols and specifications for wireless local area networks (WLANs).
When a WiFi module is integrated into a device, it allows the device to establish a wireless connection to a WiFi router or access point. Wireless serial lora module The device can then communicate with other devices on the same network or access the internet if the network is connected to the internet. WiFi modules support different WiFi standards, such as 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax, with each standard providing different data transfer rates and frequency bands.
To use a WiFi module, you typically need to install the necessary drivers and software on your device. These drivers enable your operating system to recognize and utilize the WiFi module's capabilities. Once installed, you can configure the module to connect to a specific WiFi network by selecting the network name (SSID) and entering the appropriate password, if required.
How does the LoRaWAN network ensure the secure transmission of data
LoRaWAN technology is a wireless communication technology widely used in the fields of Internet of Things, automation control and industry. In these applications, data security is very important, so the design and implementation of the LoRaWAN network pays great attention to data security.
The LoRaWAN network uses a random access mechanism similar to the ALOHA protocol. Nodes send data at a certain rate in a specific time slot, and the base station responds after receiving the data to confirm whether the data is successfully received. The LoRaWAN network can adopt different data transmission methods, mainly including the following two:
Unconfirmed Transmission: The node does not wait for the confirmation after sending the data, but directly sends the next data. This method has the advantages of fast transmission speed, high efficiency, and low power consumption, but data transmission may be lost or repeated, and data reliability cannot be guaranteed.
Confirmed Transmission: The node waits for the confirmation signal from the base station after sending the data to ensure the successful transmission of the data. This method has the advantages of high reliability, and data is not easy to be lost or repeated, but it needs to increase communication time and power consumption, and the transmission efficiency is low.
Which transmission method to choose depends on the specific requirements of the application, and factors such as transmission efficiency and data reliability need to be weighed. At the same time, in the LoRaWAN network, measures such as encryption technology and key management can also be used to ensure data security.
LoRaWAN network security features mainly include the following aspects:
Data encryption: The LoRaWAN network uses encryption technology to encrypt the transmitted data to protect the confidentiality and integrity of the data. Commonly used encryption algorithms include AES, DES, etc.
Data integrity protection: The LoRaWAN network uses data integrity protection technology to ensure that data is not tampered with or lost during transmission. This includes techniques such as data checksums, data encoding, and more.
Data privacy protection: The LoRaWAN network also pays attention to data privacy protection to protect users' personal information from being leaked. This includes technologies such as user authentication, data encryption storage, etc.
Network partition: LoRaWAN network uses network partition technology to enhance the security of the network. The strategy of network partition includes node partition and link partition, which can improve the security of the network by reducing the potential attack surface.
Node security: The nodes of the LoRaWAN network also need to pay attention to security. Node security includes node authentication, node encryption, node data verification and other technologies to ensure that nodes are not illegally accessed and attacked.
In short, the design and implementation of the LoRaWAN network pays great attention to data security, using a variety of security technologies, such as data encryption, data integrity protection, data privacy protection, network partitioning and node security, etc., to ensure data confidentiality and integrity , privacy and availability. These security features help to protect user data security and privacy, improve network reliability and stability, and promote the development of the Internet of Things and automation control.
LoRaWAN gateway module product recommendation:
lorawan DTU gateway radio products:
Transmission power: 0.16W Communication distance: 3km
Product weight: 120g
Product size: 100*84*25mm
Product introduction: E78-DTU (900LN22) is a standard LoraWan node radio designed and produced by Ebyte. It is developed based on our E78-868/915LN22S module. The equipment supports EU868/IN865/RU864/US915/AU915/AS923/ KR920 has seven regional files; the device supports CLASS–A/CLASS-C node types, and supports ABP/OTAA two network access methods; the external communication interface of the station adopts RS485 and RS232 serial port communication, and the user can simply configure it through AT commands or the host computer Access to the standard LoraWan network, at the same time, the radio has the functions of transparent transmission, active polling, etc., supports serial port upgrade and remote configuration, and is an excellent choice for current IoT applications.
Feasibility Analysis of Coexistence of SX1280 Chip and WIFI Technology Module
Wi-Fi technology is currently the most commonly used free ISM band. Although due to channel overcrowding, WiFi modules have expanded into adjacent ISM bands, especially the 5.8 GHz ISM band, most Wi-Fi module traffic still stays in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, typically from 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz (at least in the US and Europe).
There is no doubt that any new technology deployed in this frequency band must be able to withstand the interference of existing WiFi wireless communication technology deployment. Considering that the LoRa module has recently expanded to the 2.4 GHz band, it is of great significance that it coexists with the most common Wi-Fi signals in the 2.4 GHz band.
The figure below shows the usage of the 2.4 GHz ISM band for broadband data communication using Wi-Fi.
Immunity to Wi-Fi technology can come from three methods:
1. Frequency Separation: It is evident from the channel plan shown above that it is possible to avoid certain parts of the spectrum based on prior knowledge of the channel or measurement knowledge. This is an important strategy, but it relies on some management at the MAC layer (media access control layer) to achieve it by sensing what's in the band and intelligently avoiding it. This means, either listening on a certain channel to determine the power level, or sending information about clear channels to the radio, which means management is a layer above the physical layer.
2. Time Spacing: Avoiding communicating in the 2.4 GHz band while avoiding communicating with any Wi-Fi devices in the vicinity is a challenging proposition. Due to the nature of use, Wi-Fi signals are characterized by typically high channel occupancy, such as 50% to 80% occupancy in real-world scenarios.
3. Spatial separation: Simply avoiding co-location with Wi-Fi terminals is one of the easiest and most effective ways to avoid or reduce potential interference between radio systems, as the application use case allows.
So far, the LORA mode of the SX1280 chip has great advantages in intersecting with traditional modulation methods in the case of WIFI wireless communication interference. The use of the LoRa physical layer provides us with some potential additional performance benefits compared to traditional modulation techniques for coexistence and provides additional immunity to in-band and in-channel interference. The specific advantages of lora module wireless communication are as follows:
1. Spread spectrum: LoRa is a spread spectrum modulation technology. A coding gain can be obtained through spread spectrum modulation, because the signal can be received with a negative signal-to-noise ratio. At the same time, in the absence of interference, this is equivalent to reception in noise, and in the presence of co-channel interference, this is equivalent to the ability to receive the desired signal power which is weaker than the interfering signal.
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2. Low bandwidth: Reducing bandwidth has two benefits. First, the lower bandwidth reduces the influence of adjacent signals, making it less likely to fall victim to interference. If we compare the bandwidth of a LoRa signal to a wider band Wi-Fi signal, we see that even a wide LoRa signal occupies only a small fraction of a Wi-Fi channel. This brings us to a second benefit. The power of the Wi-Fi signal is distributed over the entire Wi-Fi channel. Therefore, the energy seen in the narrower part of this channel will be a fraction of this energy. Simply put, even in the case of co-channel interference, we are only exposed to a fraction of the signal power means we receive a fraction of the Wi-Fi signal power.
3. Forward Error Correction and Interleaving Technology: Another advantage of the LoRa modem is the availability of FEC (Forward Error Correction) and interleaving technology. Forward error correction allows redundancy to be introduced into the message, allowing modification and restoration of damaged finite bits.
Even FEC sequential bit errors (i.e. adjacent corrupted bits) are the most difficult to correct. For this reason, the interleaving technique is employed. It's a technique of reallocating information in a packet so that after reconstruction, errors are less likely to come from adjacent bits.
4. Partial symbol loss immunity: In addition to all the previously mentioned benefits of the LoRa physical layer, it is also worth noting that we can lose up to half of a LoRa symbol before losing the data within the symbol. In the case of interference immunity, this gives us enormous immunity to interference (over 100 dB in some cases).
High-power pulsed interferometers can be tolerated if they occupy less than 50% of the LORA symbol duration.
It can be seen that the LORA mode of the SX1280 chip can still maintain a good communication effect under the strong interference of the wireless communication of the WIFI module.
It is worth mentioning that Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. launched a E28-2G4M12S lora module, which is a wireless module based on Semtech's SX1280. The LoRa module has 2.4G spread spectrum communication (equivalent to the 2.4G of SX1278) G version), the communication distance is better than that of the Zigbee module, and the power consumption is about 1/4 of the power consumption of the Zigbee module. Can
Technical problems of ECAN series products
ECAN-W01S cannot set the STA mode with the official host computer configuration, is there any other host computer configuration, how to enter the STA mode?
It is recommended not to connect to the Wi-Fi of the device first, but use a network cable to connect the device to the computer, change the IP of the computer to 192.168.4.100, and use the upper register to search to enter the configuration interface.
Can ECAN-U01S analyze data from higher level protocols such as CANopen, DeviceNet and J1939?
can be analyzed.
Can ECAN-E01 configure the device through other command formats without using the host computer?
ECAN-E01 can only be configured using the host computer.
Does ECAN-S01 have any requirements for welding? Is it possible to reflow soldering? Is there a limit to the overheating time?
There is no requirement for soldering, please be careful not to solder, and the soldering temperature should be controlled at 200~300°C. Reflow soldering is possible, please refer to the figure below for soldering suggestions.
Can ECAN-E01 send CAN messages via UDP packets from Linux system?
You can use the UDP function to send directly, but the format of the CAN frame to be sent must conform to the protocol. For the protocol format, see the relevant product technical manual.
Can ECAN-U01S diagnose and program the inverter circuit of OPENCAN bus?
ECAN-U01S is a transparent transmission device, theoretically it can send and receive data to the inverter, but it needs actual verification.
Using the ECAN-401 device, assuming that the serial frame sends 15 bytes of data, when converted into a CAN message, as shown in the figure, it needs to be converted into at least two CAN messages, but why the two messages The IDs are all the same?
Sending 15 bytes will be divided into two CAN frames. The frame ID is based on the frame ID set by the device. The two frame IDs will not change, and the data fields are different. When entering the configuration, you need to disconnect the CAN connection first, and at the same time confirm whether the serial port parameters of the device are accurate.
Using the ECAN-401 converter, a Honeywell current sensor sends data in a frame of 10ms, and a frame of 10 bytes, whether the data of the 485 serial port on the other side can be converted in time.
Can be converted in time.
Use the ECAN-401 device to read the extended frame sent by the CAN analyzer through CAN to 485, the frame ID: 00 00 05 01, the data frame: 01, the read message is 81 00 00 05 01 01, and then directly through the serial port Send 81 00 00 05 01 01 to the CAN device, why can't the device be controlled normally? The CAN analyzer shows the ID as 00000000 and the data frame as 81 00 00 05 01 01.
Through the host computer, set the frame type to extended frame, frame ID to 501, and then send mode to transparent transmission mode, check Enable frame ID, enable frame information, save and restart, and then send 01 in hexadecimal through the serial port, and the CAN analyzer will start Can be received on 81 00 00 05 01 01. If the data can be received normally, directly use the transparent transmission mode without checking the frame ID, enable the frame information, and send 81 00 00 05 01 01 directly through the serial port.
The ECAN-401 can be used normally before, but recently ERR always flashes, even if no data is sent, RX keeps flashing. What should I do if I can't connect to the device with the configuration software?
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ERR flashes and reports an error, indicating that there is a problem with the baud rate of the CAN bus, or the CAN bus is blocked. It is recommended to confirm whether the serial port baud rate parameter is accurate, and whether the CAN port baud rate matches.
Can two ECAN devices be used for input and output between CAN BUS?
OK. Set the two devices to UDP communication, set both to UDPC, and then fill in the IP address and port of the other party for the target IP. Note that the two devices must be in the same network segment.