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The main difference between ModBus RTU and ModBus TCP
The main difference is that Modbus RTU uses a daisy-chain network, so you can connect the entire network with two wires and communicate with each device by giving each node a unique address. ModBus TCP uses a star network where each node has a separate cable called Cat5 or Cat6. They can be connected using a router. They also carry a personal address that is unique to each node on the network. The addresses can be from 1 to 255, which means that in theory, you could have 254 devices on the same network. You can also use Modbus TCP over the Internet.
The trend in 2023 is for more field devices to use ModBus RTU, but ModBus TCP is catching up. Pressure transmitters, flow meters, and gas analyzers use Modbus RTU. PLCs, DCS, and control room equipment use Modbus TCP. Some devices that communicate with web servers over the internet are using Modbus TCP. Input and output analog and digital modules are available on ModBus RTU and ModBus TCP.
Could ModBus be a low-cost solution?
For both ModBus RTU and ModBus TCP, the answer is yes. ModBus RTU applications require a reading of 4-20mA or 0-10 V input and display in a PC or PLC. Whereas with ModBus TCP, you only need an emulated ModBus TCP card and connect it directly to a PC with a Cat5 or Cat6 cable using a crossover cable or through a router, and you can read the ModBus registers very quickly.
Whether using ModBus RTU or ModBus TCP, you will find it a simple and low-cost solution for your application. Depending on the size and complexity of the system, one can choose a protocol that better suits the user's needs, but both protocols provide excellent solutions for industrial automation applications.
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