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What fields are the wireless serial lora modules used in?
The wireless serial port LoRa module can be applied in the following fields:
Internet of Things field: As part of Internet of Things devices, the wireless serial port LoRa module can realize the collection and transmission of environmental information, device status, energy consumption and other information, such as smart home, smart city, smart manufacturing and other fields.
Agricultural field: The wireless serial port LoRa module can be applied in the agricultural field to realize the collection and control of various signals in the agricultural production process, such as temperature, humidity, light, etc., thereby improving the efficiency of agricultural production.
In the field of industrial automation: the wireless serial port LoRa module can communicate with automatic control systems such as PLC and DCS to realize the collection, transmission and control of various signals in the industrial production process, thereby realizing automatic control.
Intelligent transportation field: The wireless serial LoRa module can be applied in the field of intelligent transportation, such as intelligent parking system, intelligent street light control system, intelligent traffic signal control system, etc., to realize the monitoring and control of vehicles and pedestrians.
Energy management field: The wireless serial port LoRa module can communicate with the energy management system to realize the monitoring and control of energy equipment, such as wind turbines, solar cells, battery packs, etc.
In short, the wireless serial LoRa module has a wide range of applications in the fields of Internet of Things, agriculture, industrial automation, intelligent transportation, energy management, etc. It can realize the collection, transmission and control of various signals, improve production efficiency, reduce costs, and improve user experience. Experience and so on play an important role.
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Optical fiber radio frequency transmission is a technology
Optical fiber radio frequency transmission is a technology that transmits radio frequency signals through optical fibers. Its structural principles mainly include the following aspects:
1. Basic principle of optical fiber transmission: An optical fiber is composed of a fiber core and a layer of cladding. The core of the optical fiber is made of high refractive index material, while the cladding is made of low refractive index material. Through this The structure can realize the total internal reflection of Industrial Router/Gateway light, so that the light is transmitted along the fiber core. The transmission characteristics of optical fiber include high bandwidth, long transmission distance, and small signal attenuation.
2. Radio frequency optical modulator: A radio frequency optical modulator is a device that converts radio frequency signals into optical signals. It can modulate radio frequency signals by changing the intensity, frequency or phase of optical signals, thereby converting radio frequency signals into optical signals.
3. Optical fiber transceiver: Optical fiber transceiver is a device that converts optical signals into electrical signals or converts electrical signals into optical signals. In the process of optical fiber transmission, it is necessary to convert optical signals into electrical signals for processing or convert electrical signals into optical signals for transmission. Optical fiber transceivers usually include components such as optical-to-electrical converters, amplifiers, and filters.
4. Fiber optic coupler: A fiber optic coupler is a device that connects multiple optical fibers together. It can realize the mixing and separation of multiple signals, and transmit multiple radio frequency signals through optical fibers. ethernet to rs485 converter To sum up, the structural principle of fiber optic radio frequency transmission is to transmit radio frequency signals through optical fibers, in which radio frequency optical modulators and optical fiber transceivers are key devices to realize the mutual conversion between optical signals and radio frequency signals, and fiber optic couplers can realize multiple signal transmission. mixing and separation.
After understanding the principle of virtual short and virtual break,
After understanding the principle of virtual short and virtual break, we can use it to judge whether the device is good or bad in the actual application of the operational amplifier circuit. According to the principle of the virtual short of the amplifier, if the op amp works linearly, the voltages at the same input terminal and the reverse input terminal must be equal, even if there is a difference, it is at the mv level. Of course, NB-IOT wireless communication in some high input impedance circuits, the internal resistance of the multimeter will have a little influence on the voltage test, but generally it will not exceed 0.2V. If there is a difference of more than 0.5V, the amplifier must be damaged!
In many instruments and meters, there are integrated operational amplifiers for small signal amplification. It is more fragile than other integrated blocks and components, so it can be said to be a shortcut for repairing instruments and meters to quickly judge whether it is good or not. Many integrated blocks in more complicated instruments are directly welded on the printed circuit board, the circuit board is inserted into the socket, and the distance between the circuit boards is also very small, so it is difficult to directly measure the voltage. Some simple and practical methods for judging integrated op amp blocks are proposed below.
1. After powering on for a period of time, touch the temperature of the integrated op-amp block by hand. If the temperature is greater than 50°C, you should suspect whether it is damaged.
2. If possible, measure its DC current and it should be within a few milliamperes. Otherwise it is damaged.
3. The integrated op amp has a single op amp and several op amps combined, and you should be familiar with its power supply and input and output pins. There are also certain rules that can be found and found in relevant manuals. The resistance between the input pins of the integrated operational amplifier should be relatively large (generally greater than 10 M ohms). If the measured value is small, it should be observed that there is a diode with infinite value at the input end, otherwise it will be damaged.
4. The online measurement input voltage should be relatively small. Generally below 0.1 V. If you touch the input terminal with your hand, the voltage should change at the output terminal, or if you touch the two terminals of the feedback resistor with your hand (equivalent to connecting a resistor in parallel), the output will also change accordingly.
The difference between power DTU and ordinary DTU
The power industry is one of the pillar industries in the national economic system. The application of DTU in the power industry has gradually matured. From the initial grid monitoring, it has gradually spread rs232 to ethernet adapter to all directions. In the power industry, DTUs dedicated to power are generally used.
The difference between power DTU and ordinary DTU
1. Working temperature
Power DTUs generally adopt wide temperature and wide voltage, industrial-grade design, and the working temperature is generally between -40-85°C to adapt to the harsh temperature test in winter and summer in the wild. The working temperature of ordinary DTU generally cannot meet the requirements of industrial grade, and it is mostly in the range of -20-75°C.
2. EMC protection
EMC protection is the electromagnetic radiation protection of electromagnetic compatibility. The high voltage of tens of thousands of volts in the power grid environment will produce very strong electromagnetic radiation interference. Power DTU has made a very strong protection against this environment. Radiation anti-interference, power frequency magnetic field anti-interference, and shock wave anti-interference can all reach level three or above.
3. Interface installation method
In order to adapt to the power grid environment, the power DTU is generally installed with full wiring terminals. Its RS232/485 serial port and power supply are integrated and installed as terminals, which further improves the anti-interference ability. Ordinary DTUs will not be installed in this way because they do not have a strong electromagnetic environment.
4. Transmission protocol
In addition to electromagnetic environmental factors, the power industry is also subject to special transmission protocols. 101 and 104 transmission protocols are widely used in data transmission in the electric power industry. Compared with ordinary DTU, power DTU will support these two transmission protocols.
5, power supply, 485, etc.
Generally speaking, in terms of power supply protection, the power DTU has an electrostatic protection level of four, EFT level and power conduction immunity up to three; 485’s anti-static level can reach four, and surge level three. It can be seen that the protection of the power DTU is specially strengthened.
Power DTU Features
Embedded design, small size, ultra-low power consumption, in line with the structural requirements of power distribution network automation equipment.
Wireless high-speed transmission, big data transmission is faster and smoother; supports overseas operator networks, more choices and more convenient.
Support power IEC101/IEC104 protocol transmission to meet the needs of each power master station and automation terminal.
Pass many harsh tests such as insulation test, surge interference, electrostatic discharge interference, radio frequency radiation electromagnetic field, power frequency radiation magnetic field, high and low temperature, etc.
Multiple detection mechanisms, self-repairing of operating faults, ensuring that the device is permanently online, ethernet to rs485 converter suitable for unattended environments; disconnected reconnection, data reissue, stable and reliable transmission without packet loss.
Embedded with various protocols such as PPP, TCP/IP, UDP/IP, MODBUS-TCP, MODBUS-RTU, etc., compatible with the manufacturer's private protocol.
Support the operator's private network access and specify IP to meet financial-level data security standards, and then encrypt transmission on the basis of the private network to ensure security and accuracy.
Power DTU is a power-level embedded wireless data terminal, which can help users quickly access high-speed Internet and realize safe and reliable data transmission.
What benefits does the Internet of Things bring to smart environmental protection applications
Smart environmental protection is an extension of the Internet of Things technology, which puts more emphasis on the application of perception layer technology and intelligence layer technology to realize a real-time and automatic environmental data perception system, and collect and monitor environmental pollution source data and atmospheric environment quality data in real time. industrial iot gateway It can intelligently analyze a large amount of environmental protection monitoring data through powerful computing power, and promote the intelligence and automation of environmental protection work.
The overall structure of "Smart Environmental Protection" is divided into four layers: perception layer, transmission layer, intelligence layer and service layer.
Perception layer: Use any equipment, system or process that can sense, measure, capture and transmit information anytime and anywhere to achieve a "more thorough perception" of environmental factors such as environmental quality, pollution sources, ecology, and radiation;
Transport layer: use environmental protection private network, combined with 4G network, satellite communication and other technologies, to interact and share the environmental information stored in personal electronic devices, organizations and government information systems, to achieve "more comprehensive interconnection";
Intelligence layer: Integrate and analyze massive cross-regional and cross-industry environmental information by means of cloud computing, virtualization, and high-performance computing to realize massive storage, real-time processing, deep mining, and model analysis, and realize "deeper intelligence change";
Service layer: use the cloud service model to establish an object-oriented business application system and information service portal to provide "smarter decision-making" for environmental quality, pollution prevention, ecological protection, radiation management and other businesses.
Specifically, modbus tcp gateway it mainly involves two parts: the front end of the data acquisition hardware and the software system of the background data center. The data acquisition hardware is responsible for collecting on-site environmental data. The environmental data that can be collected include air temperature and humidity, soil temperature and humidity, CO2 concentration, light intensity, ethernet to rs485 converter For water temperature, ammonia nitrogen in water, dissolved oxygen concentration and pH value, etc., the data center summarizes, analyzes, displays and alarms the data through the intelligent analysis software system. When the environmental data exceeds the threshold set by the system, the system will generate an alarm, through sound and light alarm Notify the relevant personnel in the form of devices, mobile phone text messages and pop-up windows, and at the same time start or close the relevant equipment to adjust the on-site environmental indicators. Here 4G wireless transmission plays an important role, generally industrial-grade wireless routers are used as the transmission pipeline at both ends. Therefore, smart environmental protection has high requirements for front-end signal acquisition equipment.